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rkgandassociates
  • By: admin
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  • Mar 21

1. Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (Section 138-142)

A cheque bounce is treated as a criminal offense under Section 138 of the Act.

✅ Conditions for Filing a Case Under Section 138:

  • The cheque was issued to discharge a legal liability or debt.
  • The cheque was presented within 3 months (90 days) from the date on the cheque.
  • The bank returns the cheque due to insufficient funds or any other reason.
  • A written demand notice is sent by the payee to the drawer within 30 days from the date of cheque bounce.
  • If the drawer fails to make the payment within 15 days of receiving the notice, the payee can file a complaint within 30 days after the notice period ends.

✅ Punishment for Cheque Bounce:

  • Imprisonment for up to 2 years, or
  • Fine up to twice the amount of the cheque, or
  • Both imprisonment and fine.

⚖️ 2. Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860 (Optional in Some Cases)

In certain circumstances, the payee may choose to file a complaint under:

  • Section 420 (Cheating)
  • Section 406 (Criminal Breach of Trust)

These sections apply if the issuer of the cheque had fraudulent intentions from the beginning.


?️ 3. Time Frame for Filing a Cheque Bounce Case

  • Cheque must be presented within 3 months of the issue date.
  • Legal notice must be sent within 30 days of cheque bounce.
  • Complaint must be filed in court within 30 days after the 15-day notice period ends.

⚖️ 4. Jurisdiction for Filing the Case

As per the 2015 amendment, a cheque bounce case can be filed where:

  • The payee’s bank is located (where the cheque was presented for clearance).
  • Not where the drawer’s bank is located.

? 5. Recent Amendments and Key Points

  • 2018 Amendment: Allowed interim compensation up to 20% of the cheque amount to the payee at the discretion of the court.
  • Interim Compensation: Payable within 60 days from the order.
  • Appeal Provision: If the accused files an appeal, they must deposit 20% of the amount awarded by the trial court.

? 6. Civil Remedy for Cheque Bounce

Apart from criminal proceedings, the payee can also initiate a civil suit for recovery of the cheque amount along with interest and damages.

Tags:
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  • #cheating
  • #chequebounceadvocate
  • #chequebouncelawyer
  • #criminallaw
  • #lawfirm
  • #niact138
  • #section420
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